• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
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  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Battery mounting frame. The present invention relates to a battery mounting frame (10) for a vehicle (12). The battery mounting frame (10) includes: a plurality of vehicle body frame members (18, 18, 24). ) arranged in one direction of the width of the vehicle (12) and is part of a lower frame of a vehicle body; and a plurality of cell stacks (40) each including a plurality of individual cells (42). each of the cell stacks (40) is configured to be retained in the vehicle body.
    公开号:BR102018010726A2
    申请号:R102018010726-7
    申请日:2018-05-25
    公开日:2019-03-12
    发明作者:Atsushi Yamanaka
    申请人:Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Descriptive Report of the Invention Patent for BATTERY ASSEMBLY STRUCTURE.
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    1. Field of the Invention [001] The present invention relates to a battery mounting structure that is employed to mount a plurality of cell stacks on an underside of a vehicle body.
    2. Description of the related technique [002] In the electric vehicle described in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2012-96789, a large battery unit including a battery box is mounted between the left and right side elements provided in a bottom of a vehicle body. This battery unit has four beam elements that are provided on a bottom surface of the battery case and fixed to the right and left side elements by means of screw fixation and a front side support element that is provided at a front end of the battery box and fixed to a cross member by screw fixation. This battery box houses a plurality of battery modules. Each battery module is formed by connecting a plurality of cells in series.
    SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [003] In the electric vehicle configured as described above, the large battery unit is mounted on the bottom of the vehicle body, which is preferable in terms of increasing the travel distance per charge which is an important index performance for electric vehicles. However, this electric vehicle has a configuration in which the battery case (housing) is mounted between the left and right side elements (vehicle body frame elements) and the battery modules (cell stacks) are housed within this wrapper. Thus, a mounting clearance provided 870180044545, dated 05/25/2018, p. 6/109
    2/25 of between the enclosure and the vehicle body (a gap to prevent interference between the enclosure and the vehicle body) and an installation space for the enclosure walls form dead spaces in which the cell stacks cannot be mounted . In addition, for example, when a restriction element provided exclusively for the purpose of restriction is used to restrict (retain) the cells of cells in the enclosure, an installation space for that restriction element and a tool clearance (a clearance to allow the insertion of a tool) also form dead spaces. Thus, in terms of increasing the mounting space for cell stacks, there is room for improvement in the related technique described above.
    [004] The present invention is a battery mounting structure that can guarantee a larger space for mounting cell batteries in a lower part of a vehicle body.
    [005] An exemplary aspect of the present invention is a battery mounting structure for a vehicle. The battery assembly structure includes: a plurality of vehicle body frame elements, arranged in a direction the vehicle's vehicle width and form part of a lower frame of a vehicle body; and a plurality of cell stacks that each include a plurality of individual cells. Each cell stack is configured to be retained in the vehicle body by being fitted between the frame elements of the vehicle body directly or through another element.
    [006] The vehicle body frame elements that form part of the vehicle body's lower frame are arranged in the direction of the vehicle width. The cell stacks each include individual cells, each of which is retained in the vehicle body and is fitted between the frame elements of the vehicle body directly or through another element. Thus, it is possible to reduce or
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    3/25 undermine a dead space created between the cell stacks and the frame elements of the vehicle body and thus increase the mounting space for the cell stacks on the bottom of the vehicle body.
    [007] Another aspect of the present invention is a battery mounting structure. The battery mounting structure includes: a plurality of vehicle body frame elements, arranged in a direction the width of the vehicle vehicle and form part of a lower frame of a vehicle body; and a plurality of cell stacks that each include a plurality of individual cells. Each of the cell stacks is retained between the frame elements of the vehicle body without the use of retaining elements that restrict the cell stacks to the frame elements of the vehicle body.
    [008] The frame elements of the vehicle body that form part of the lower frame of the vehicle body are arranged in the direction of the width of the vehicle. The cell stacks each include individual cells, and each is restricted between the frame elements of the vehicle body without the use of restraint elements provided solely for the purpose of restraint (e.g., supports, fasteners, etc.). ). Thus, it is possible to reduce or eliminate a dead space created between the cell piles and the frame elements of the vehicle body and thus increase the mounting space for the cell piles in the lower part of the vehicle body.
    [009] Another aspect of the present invention is a battery mounting structure. The battery mounting structure includes: a plurality of vehicle body frame elements, which are arranged in a direction the width of the vehicle vehicle and form part of a lower frame of a vehicle body; and a plurality of cell stacks that each include a plurality of individual cells. Each of the cell piles is assembled between elePetition 870180044545, of 05/25/2018, p. 8/109
    4/25 frames of the vehicle body in a state of exposure in a space between the frame elements of the vehicle body.
    [0010] The vehicle body frame elements that form part of the vehicle body lower frame are arranged in the direction of the vehicle width. The cell stacks each include individual cells, and are mounted between the frame elements of the vehicle body in a state of exposure to the space between the frame elements of the vehicle body, that is, in a state of no be housed in a housing that forms an external bearing. Thus, it is possible to reduce or eliminate a dead space created between the cell piles and the frame elements of the vehicle body and thus increase the mounting space for the cell piles in the lower part of the vehicle body.
    [0011] The individual cells can be stacked in the direction of the matrix of the frame elements of the vehicle body.
    [0012] The individual cells can be stacked in the direction of the matrix of the frame elements of the vehicle body. Thus, for example, when the cell stack expands in a stacking direction of the individual cells, this expansion can be restricted by the vehicle body frame elements located on both sides of this cell stack in the stacking direction.
    [0013] The frame elements of the vehicle body may include: a pair of rockers that are placed at an equal distance from the center of a width of the vehicle and extend in a forward - rear direction of the vehicle; a floor that is arranged on an upper side of the rockers in a height direction of the vehicle and that extends towards the width of the vehicle, the floor being a floor surface of a vehicle cabin; and a bottom plate that is arranged on a bottom side of the rockers towards the height of the vehicle and extends towards the width of the vehicle, the
    Petition 870180044545, of 05/25/2018, p. 9/109
    5/25 bottom being a lower surface of the vehicle body. The stacks of cells are covered by the rockers, the floor and the bottom plate on both sides in the direction of the vehicle's height and both sides in the direction of the vehicle's width.
    [0014] The frame elements of the vehicle body may include: a pair of rockers that are placed at an equal distance from the center of a width of the vehicle and extend in a forward - rear direction of the vehicle; a floor that is arranged on an upper side of the rockers in a direction from the height of the vehicle and extends towards the width of the vehicle, the floor being a floor surface of a vehicle cabin; and a bottom plate that is arranged on a lower side of the rockers towards the height of the vehicle and extends towards the width of the vehicle, the bottom plate being a lower surface of the vehicle body. The cell stacks are covered by the rockers, the floor and the bottom plate on both sides towards the height of the vehicle and both sides towards the width of the vehicle. Thus, the pair of rockers, the floor and the bottom plate forming part of the vehicle's body function as a battery box that houses the cell stacks. Compared to a configuration in which the cell stacks are housed in a housing (battery box) that is formed separately from the vehicle body and mounted under a floor of the vehicle cabin, this configuration can reduce or eliminate dead space created under the vehicle. vehicle cabin floor towards vehicle height. As a result, a low-floor vehicle can be realized.
    [0015] The battery assembly structure may also include cross-sectional elements that extend in the direction of the vehicle's width. The frame elements of the vehicle body can extend in a front - rear direction of the vehicle, and the cross elements can be arranged between the frame elements of the vehicle.
    Petition 870180044545, of 05/25/2018, p. 10/109
    6/25 po of the vehicle, and both ends of the transverse elements can be connected to the frame elements of the vehicle body.
    [0016] The battery mounting structure may also include transverse elements that extend in the direction of the vehicle's width. The vehicle body frame elements can extend in a forward - rear direction of the vehicle, and the cross elements can be arranged between the vehicle body frame elements, and both ends of the cross elements can be connected to the elements. frame of the vehicle body. Thus, it is possible to reduce or prevent damage to the cell piles in the event of a side collision of the vehicle.
    [0017] The frame elements of the vehicle body can be: a pair of rockers that are placed at an equal distance from the center of a width of the vehicle and extend in the front - rear direction of the vehicle; and a central tunnel that passes through the center. The central tunnel can be arranged between the rockers and can extend in the front - rear direction of the vehicle.
    [0018] The frame elements of the vehicle body can be: a pair of rockers that are placed at an equal distance from a center of a width of the vehicle and extend in the direction from the front to the rear of the vehicle; and a central tunnel that passes through the center. The central tunnel can be arranged between the rockers and can extend in the front - rear direction of the vehicle. Thus, in the event of a side collision of the vehicle, the collision load can be transmitted to the central tunnel through the transverse element, so that the collision load can be absorbed by the deformation of the central tunnel.
    [0019] The other element can be a plate-shaped spacer.
    [0020] As described above, the mounting structure of strikes
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    7/25 ria in accordance with the present invention can guarantee a greater space for mounting cell stacks on a lower part of a vehicle body.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0021] The characteristics, advantages and technical and industrial significance of the exemplary modalities of the invention will be described below with reference to the attached drawings, in which equal numerals denote similar elements, and in which:
    Figure 1 is a plan view showing the configuration of a lower part of a vehicle body of a vehicle equipped with a battery to which a battery mounting structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied;
    Figure 2 is a sectional view of the vehicle equipped with a battery seen from the left side of the vehicle;
    Figure 3 is a perspective view showing a part of the lower part of the vehicle body shown in Figure 1;
    Figure 4 is an enlarged sectional view showing a section taken along line IV-IV in figure 3;
    Figure 5 is a perspective view of the part shown in Figure 3, with stacks of cells omitted;
    Figure 6 is a perspective view corresponding to Figure 5, which illustrates a cell stack assembly method;
    Figure 7 is an exploded perspective view showing the cell stack in a partially exploded state;
    Figure 8 is a perspective view showing a vehicle equipped with a battery according to a comparative example;
    Figure 9 is a perspective view showing a part of a battery pack according to the comparative example; and
    Figure 10 is a plan view showing an example of a lower part of a vehicle body to which the structure is applicable.
    Petition 870180044545, of 05/25/2018, p. 10/129
    8/25 battery mount according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE MODALITIES [0022] A battery mounting structure 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described using figure 1 to figure 7. The arrows FR, UP, LH shown as appropriate in the drawings indicate respectively a direction for the forward (forward direction), an upward direction and a leftward direction of a vehicle equipped with battery 12 to which the battery mounting structure 10 according to this mode is applied. Unless otherwise specified, the front and back sides, left and right sides, and top and bottom sides used in the description below refer to the front and back sides in the forward and backward directions respectively. of the vehicle, right and left sides in the horizontal direction of the vehicle (direction of the vehicle width), and the upper and lower sides in a direction of the vehicle height. To make the drawings easily visible, some elements and some reference signs can be omitted from the drawings.
    [0023] As shown in figure 1 and figure 2, vehicle 12 equipped with a battery (hereinafter abbreviated as vehicle 12) according to this modality is an electric vehicle that moves using motive energy from an electric motor (not shown) and includes a sedan-type vehicle body 14. In a lower part of the vehicle body 14, a plurality of (in this example, 20) cell stacks (battery modules) 40 that supply the driving electrical energy to the electric motor is assembled. In the following, the configuration of the lower body of the vehicle 14 will be described first, and then the configuration of the cell stack 40, and the main feature of this modality, namely a structure to mount the cell stacks 40 on the body of the vehicle 14 will be described.
    [0024] As shown in figure 1 to figure 6, the vehicle body 14
    Petition 870180044545, of 05/25/2018, p. 10/13
    9/25 includes: a pair of left and right rockers (a pair of rockers) 18L, 18R (see figure 1 and figure 3 to figure 6) that extend in the front - rear direction of the vehicle respectively below both ends of a vehicle cabin 16 (see figure 2 and figure 4) in the direction of the vehicle width; a front transverse element 20 (see figure 1 to figure 3, figure 5 and figure 6) which is suspended through the front ends of the left and right rockers 18L, 18R along the direction of the vehicle width; and a rear transverse element 22 (see figure 1 to figure 3, figure 5 and figure 6) that is suspended through the rear ends of the left and right rockers 18L, 18R along the direction of the vehicle width.
    [0025] The vehicle body 14 also includes a central tunnel 24 (see figure 1 and figure 3 to figure 6) that extends in the front - rear direction of the vehicle in a central part of the vehicle body 14 in the direction of the vehicle width between the left and right rockers 18L, 18R, and which is suspended through the front cross member 20 and the rear cross member 22. The vehicle body 14 further includes a plurality of (in this example, eight) intermediate cross members 26 (see figure 1 to figure 3, figure 5 and figure 6) which is arranged in the front - rear direction of the vehicle between the left and right rockers 18L, 18R and the central tunnel 24, and which is suspended through left and right rockers 18L, 18R and the central tunnel 24. The vehicle body 14 also includes a floor 28 (see figure 2 and figure 4; not shown in the other drawings) which is suspended through the upper parts of the left and right rockers 18L, 18R and forms a floor surface of the vehicle cabin 16, and a bottom plate 30 (see figure 2 and figure 4 to figure 6) that is suspended through the lower parts (lower ends) of the left and right rockers 18L, 18R and shape a lower surface of the vehicle body
    14.
    Petition 870180044545, of 05/25/2018, p. 10/149
    10/25 [0026] The rockers 18L, 18R and the central tunnel 24 correspond to the frame elements of the vehicle body in the present invention, and the intermediate cross members 26 correspond to the cross member in the present invention. The rockers 18L, 18R and the central tunnel 24 are arranged in the horizontal direction of the vehicle (in this example, the direction of the vehicle width), and form part of a lower frame of the vehicle body 14 together with the front cross member 20, the rear cross member 22, and intermediate cross members 26.
    [0027] The left and right rockers 18L, 18R, the front cross member 20 and the rear cross member 22 are manufactured by extrusion of light metal, such as aluminum alloy. Each of the left and right rockers 18L, 18R is formed in an elongated shape with a long side oriented in the front - rear direction of the vehicle, and has a substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape, as seen from the rear front direction of the vehicle. vehicle. Each of the front cross member 20 and rear cross member 22 is formed in an elongated shape with a long side oriented in the direction of the vehicle width and has a substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape, as seen from the direction of the vehicle width . Both ends of the front cross member 20 in a long side direction are respectively coupled to the front ends of the left and right rockers 18L, 18R, and both ends of the rear cross member 22 in a long side direction are coupled to the rear ends of the rockers respectively. left and right 18L, 18R.
    [0028] The central tunnel 24 and the intermediate cross members 26 are manufactured by pressing work of a plate material made of light metal, such as aluminum alloy. The central tunnel 24
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    11/25 is formed in an elongated shape with a long side oriented towards the front - rear direction of the vehicle and is substantially hat-shaped with a cross section, as seen from the front - rear direction of the vehicle. Both ends of the central tunnel 24 in a long lateral direction are coupled, respectively, to the front cross member 20 and the rear cross member 22.
    [0029] The intermediate cross member 26 is formed in an elongated shape with a long side oriented in the direction of the vehicle width, and is substantially hat-shaped in cross section as seen from the direction of the vehicle width. Four intermediate cross members 26 are installed between the left rocker 18L and the central tunnel 24 and between the right rocker 18R and the central tunnel 24. The four intermediate cross members 26 on each of the left and right sides, the front cross member 20, and the rear cross member 22 are arranged at regular intervals in the front - rear direction of the vehicle. The positions of the four intermediate cross members 26 located on the left side of the vehicle and the positions of the four intermediate cross members 26 located on the right side of the vehicle coincide with each other in the front - rear direction of the vehicle. Both ends in a long lateral direction of each of the four intermediate cross members 26 located on the left side of the vehicle are coupled to the left rocker and central tunnel 24 respectively, while both ends in the long side direction of each of the four cross members intermediates 26 located on the right side of the vehicle are coupled to the right rocker and the central tunnel 24, respectively.
    [0030] The floor 28 and the bottom plate 30 are manufactured by pressing work of a plate material made of light metal, such as
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    12/25 as aluminum alloy, and have a plate shape with a thick plate direction oriented towards the height of the vehicle. The left and right edges of the floor 28 are in contact with steps formed on the upper sides of the left and right rockers 18L, 18R, on the upper side towards the height of the vehicle, while the front and rear edges of the floor 28 are in contact with the upper surfaces of the front cross member 20 and the rear cross member 22 on the upper side towards the height of the vehicle. The left and right edges of the bottom plate 30 are in contact with the lower surfaces of the left and right rockers 18L, 18R from the bottom side towards the height of the vehicle, while the front and rear edges of the bottom plate 30 are in contact. contact with the lower surfaces of the front cross member 20 and the rear cross member 22 on the bottom side towards the height of the vehicle. The floor 28 and the bottom plate 30 are coupled to the left and right rockers 18L, 18R, the front cross member 20 and the rear cross member 22, and the bottom plate 30 is also coupled to the central tunnel 24.
    [0031] The configuration described above of the lower part of the vehicle body 14 is merely an example and can be changed as appropriate. In the case where the elements that make up the lower part of the vehicle body 14 are made of the same type of light metal (for example, aluminum alloy) as in this modality, means such as spot welding, friction welding, riveting or fixing by screw can be used as the method of coupling these elements. In the event that the elements to be coupled together are made of different types of material (for example, steel and an aluminum alloy), means such as fastening by screws or riveting can be used as a method of coupling.
    [0032] The left and right rockers 18L, 18R, the element
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    13/25 front transverse 20, the rear transverse element 22, the floor 28, and the bottom plate 30 form a box that houses a plurality of cell stacks 40. Specifically, in this embodiment a closed space (battery compartment) is formed under a floor of the vehicle cabin 16 by the left and right rockers 18L, 18R, the front cross member 20, the rear cross member 22, the floor 28, and the bottom plate 30 and the cell stacks 40 are housed in this closed space. The cell stacks 40 are covered by the left and right rockers 18L, 18R on both sides in the horizontal direction of the vehicle, covered by the floor 28 and the bottom plate 30 on both sides in the direction of the vehicle height and covered by the cross member front 20 and the rear cross member 22 on both sides towards the front to the rear of the vehicle. A junction box, a switch box, a control unit, etc. (not shown) are housed on one side of the rear end of the enclosed space.
    [0033] As shown in figure 7, the cell stack 40 is mainly composed of a plurality of individual stacked cells (accumulators) 42 and, for example, the individual cells 42 are connected electrically in series to form a module. In figure 1 to figure 3 and figure 6, the cell stacks 40 are shown schematically. A stacking direction of the individual cells 42 is the direction of the vehicle width in which the left and right rockers 18L, 18R and the central tunnel 24 are arranged (facing each other). For example, individual cell 42 is a secondary lithium ion battery and is a rectangular battery that has a flat rectangular parallelepiped box. A positive electrode terminal 42A and a negative electrode terminal 42B are provided on an upper surface of each individual cell 42. Individual cell 42 is not limited to a secondary lithium ion battery, and can be
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    14/25 another type of battery, such as nickel hydrogen secondary battery.
    [0034] An insulator 46 is fitted between the adjacent of the individual cells stacked 42, so that the individual cells 42 and the insulators 46 are stacked alternately. For example, insulator 46 is molded from a resin and has a substantially rectangular shape with a thickness direction oriented in the direction of the stack. A frame part 46A projecting on both sides in the stacking direction to form a frame is provided on an outer peripheral edge of the insulator 46, and the individual cell 42 is fitted within the frame part 46A.
    [0035] An individual cell 42 is located at each end of a cell that is formed by stacking individual cells 42 and isolators 46 as described above, and an end plate 48 is placed in each of the individual cells 42 at both ends , on an external side in the stacking direction. For example, end plate 48 is molded from a resin and has a substantially rectangular shape with a thickness direction oriented in the stacking direction.
    [0036] The cell stack 40 configured as described above has an elongated rectangular parallelepiped shape as a whole, with a long side oriented towards the width of the vehicle. In the cell stack 40, the positive electrode terminals 42A and the negative electrode terminals 42B of the adjacent individual cells 42 are connected to each other via a bus bar (not shown) which is an electrically conductive element. However, the configuration of cell stack 40 is not limited to this example and can be changed as appropriate. For example, end plates 48 can be omitted. Then, the main feature of this modality will be described.
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    15/25 [0037] In this embodiment, as shown in figure 1, figure 3 and figure 4, the plurality of (in this embodiment, 10) cell piles 40 are assembled (arranged) so as to be arranged in the front - rear direction of the vehicle, between the left rocker 18L and the central tunnel 24 and between the right rocker 18R and the central tunnel 24. Specifically, five small spaces 56 (the reference sign 56 is omitted from the drawings different from figure 5 and figure 6) that are separated from each other in the front - rear direction of the vehicle by the four intermediate cross members 26 are formed between the left rocker 18L and the central tunnel 24 and between the right rocker 18R and the central tunnel 24. Within each small space 56, two cell stacks 40 are arranged (housed) side by side in the rear front direction of the vehicle. In the description that follows, left rocker 18L and right rocker 18R can be referred to simply as rockers 18.
    [0038] Each cell stack 40 is constrained (retained) in the vehicle body 14 being fitted directly between the rocker arm 18 and the central tunnel 24. Specifically, each cell stack 40 is restricted in the vehicle body 14 as the pair of plates of the end 48 of the same which are provided respectively at both ends in the direction of the rocker array 18 and the central tunnel 24 (i.e., at both ends of the cell stack 40 in a long side direction) comes into contact with the rocker 18 and the central tunnel 24. Being fitted here means that the cell stack 40 is pressed on both sides (in the direction of the matrix) so as not to be mobile, while being restricted means that, at least during normal vehicle driving 12, the displacement of the cell stack 40 with respect to the vehicle body 14 in the long, horizontal and vertical directions is restricted. In this embodiment, both ends of each cell stack 40 towards the long side are straight
    Petition 870180044545, of 05/25/2018, p. 10/20
    16/25 in contact with the rocker 18 and the central tunnel 24, but the present invention is not limited to this example. For example, both ends of each cell stack 40 towards the long side can be in contact with the rocker 18 and the central tunnel 24 via a plate-shaped spacer etc., that is, each cell stack 40 can be fitted between the rocker 18 and the central tunnel 24 through another element.
    [0039] As shown in figure 4, each cell stack 40 that lies between the rocker 18 and the central tunnel 24 (has both ends towards the long side in contact with the rocker 18 and the central tunnel 24) as described above it is subjected to a restraining force (locking force; compressive force) F of the rocker arm 18 and the central tunnel 24 in the direction of the vehicle width (the stacking direction of the individual cells 42). Thus, the displacement of each cell stack 40 in relation to the vehicle body 14 in the length direction, in the horizontal direction and in the height direction is restricted. In this embodiment, therefore, even when the bottom plate 30 and the intermediate cross members 26 are removed from the vehicle body 14, each cell stack 40 is maintained in a state of being restricted (retained) in the vehicle body 14.
    [0040] In this embodiment, the cell stacks 40 are contained between the left and right rockers 18L, 18R and the central tunnel 24 without the use of restraining elements that are provided exclusively for restraint purposes (for example, supports, fasteners, etc.). In addition, the cell stacks 40 are mounted between the rocker 18 and the central tunnel 24 in a state of being exposed to the space between the rocker 18 and the central tunnel 24, that is, in a state of not being housed in a housing ( battery box) that forms an external bearing. Thus, in this mode, the cell piles 40 are mounted substantially over the entire area under the floor of the vehicle 16 cabin.
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    17/25 front cross member 20, rear cross member 22, and intermediate cross members 26 are in contact with cell stack 40 or facing cell stack 40.
    [0041] In this mode, each cell stack 40 is mounted (inserted) between the rocker arm 18 and the central tunnel 24 from the upper side towards the height of the vehicle (see arrow D in figure 6). For example, as shown in figure 6, the cell stacks 40 are assembled after the bottom plate 30 is attached to the lower frame of the vehicle body 14, but before the floor 28 is attached. To insert the cell stack 40 between the rocker arm 18 and the central tunnel 24, for example, the cell stack 40 is compressed by a template (not shown) in the direction of the vehicle width (the stacking direction of the individual cells 42) .
    [0042] Next, the operation and effects of this modality will be described.
    [0043] In the battery mounting structure 10 configured as described above, the cell stacks 40 each including individual cells 42 are arranged between the left and right rockers 18L, 18R and the central tunnel 24 which are arranged in the width direction of the vehicle and form part of the lower frame of the vehicle body
    14. Each cell stack 40 is fitted between one of the left and right rockers 18L, 18R and the central tunnel 24, with both ends towards the matrix of the left and right rockers 18L, 18R and the central tunnel 24, respectively, in contact with that one of the left and right rockers 18L, 18R and with the central tunnel 24. With the cell piles 40 thus restricted to the vehicle body 14, it is possible to avoid creating a dead space between the cell piles 40 and each of the left and right rockers 18L, 18R and the central tunnel 24. As a result, greater mounting space for the cell stacks 40 can be attached to the bottom of the vehicle body
    Petition 870180044545, of 05/25/2018, p. 10/22
    18/25 culo 14.
    [0044] Thus, in this modality, the cell stacks 40 are restricted between the left and right rockers 18L, 18R and the central tunnel 24 without the use of restraint elements provided exclusively for restraint purposes (for example, supports, fasteners, etc.), so that there is no need for installation space for retaining elements, a gap in the tool, etc. In addition, in this mode, the cell stacks 40 are mounted between the left and right rockers 18L, 18R and the central tunnel 24 in a state of exposure to the space between the rockers 18 and the central tunnel 24, that is, in a state not to be housed in a housing (battery box) that forms an external bearing, so that a mounting clearance for the battery box, an installation space for battery housing walls, etc. are not necessary. It is therefore possible to pack a larger number of individual cells 42 in the lower part of the vehicle body 14 (in this example, under the floor of the vehicle cabin 16) and thereby increase the capacity of the cells (amount of energy stored in it) ) that can be mounted under the floor of the vehicle cabin 16.
    [0045] Next, the works and effects of this modality will be described in detail using a vehicle 100 equipped with battery (comparative example) shown in figure 8. Vehicle 100 equipped with battery according to this comparative example (below can be referred to as comparative example 100) is an electric vehicle, for example, and is configured in such a way that a large battery pack 104 including a battery box 102 is mounted on a lower part of a vehicle body 106 (under a floor of a vehicle cabin). The battery pack 104 is formed separately from the vehicle body 106 and is attached to the vehicle body 106.
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    19/25 [0046] In comparative example 100, a dead space is created due to an assembly clearance to allow the battery pack 104 to be mounted on the vehicle body 106, a tool clearance, etc. In addition, in comparative example 100, as shown in figure 9, a plurality of cells cells 108 housed in battery box 102 is restricted (fixed) in battery box 102 by means of brackets 110, screws 112, nuts 114, etc. . which are restriction elements provided solely for the purpose of restriction. Thus, an installation space for the supports 110 and the like, a clearance for the tool, etc. provided inside the battery box 102, also form dead spaces. As a result, the amount of energy that can be stored under the floor of the vehicle cabin is reduced, while the mass and manufacturing cost of the battery-powered vehicle 100 increases due to the mass and manufacturing cost of the battery box 102.
    [0047] In the embodiment, on the contrary, the lower frame of the vehicle body 14 (lower frame) is used as a restraining element for the cell stacks 40, so that an assembly clearance, a tool clearance, etc. needed in comparative example 100 are not required, and a larger space is made available to assemble the stacks of cells 40 (individual cells 42). Therefore, the number (filling rate) of individual cells 42 mounted under the floor of the vehicle cabin 16 can be increased and thus the travel distance per charge, which is an important performance index for electric vehicles, can be increased. significantly increased compared to that of comparative example 100. In addition, the battery box 102 required in comparative example 100 is not required, so that the mass and cost of manufacturing vehicle 12 can be reduced.
    [0048] In comparative example 100, a dead space is created
    Petition 870180044545, of 05/25/2018, p. 10/24
    20/25 also towards the height of the vehicle due to a mounting clearance provided between an upper wall 102A of the battery box 102 and a floor (not shown) of the vehicle body 106, an installation space of the upper wall 102A, etc. . Consequently, the level of installation of the vehicle body floor 106 is high, as well as the occupant's hip point and the level of installation of a roof 106A of the vehicle body 106. As a result, not only the body design of vehicle 106 is restricted, but also the drag coefficient (CD value) of the body of vehicle 106 increases and the efficiency of electricity decreases. In the case where comparative example 100 is a hybrid electric vehicle, fuel efficiency decreases.
    [0049] In the modality, in contrast, the cell stacks 40 are covered on both sides in the height direction of the vehicle by the pavement 28 which is suspended through the upper parts of the left and right rockers 18L, 18R and forms the surface of the floor of the vehicle cabin 16 and the bottom plate 30 which is suspended in the lower parts of the left and right rockers 18L, 18R and forms the lower surface of the vehicle body 14. This means that, in this mode, the left and right rockers 18L, 18R, the floor 28 and the bottom plate 30 that form part of the vehicle body 14 function as a battery box that houses the cells cell 40. Compared to a configuration in which the battery box 102 separates from the vehicle body 106 mounted under the vehicle cabin floor, as in comparative example 100, this configuration can reduce or eliminate dead space created in the direction of the vehicle height under the vehicle cabin floor 16 As a result, a low-floor vehicle 12 can be realized, which allows greater flexibility in the design of the vehicle body 14. In addition, it is possible to lower the occupant's hip point and lower the installation level of a
    Petition 870180044545, of 05/25/2018, p. 10/25
    21/25 roof 14A (see figure 2), and thus improve the CD value of the vehicle body 14. As a result, electric energy efficiency (or fuel efficiency, in the case where vehicle 12 is an electric vehicle hybrid) can be improved.
    [0050] In comparative example 100, the cell stacks 108, which are heavy objects, are supported by a bottom plate 102B of the battery box 102. Thus, it is necessary to ensure sufficient strength and stiffness of the bottom plate 102B, the which causes an increase in the mass and cost of manufacturing the 102B bottom plate. This contrasts with the modality, in which the bottom plate 30 is not intended to support the cell piles 40, but necessary merely to seal the space under the floor where the cell piles 40 are housed and, therefore, a bottom plate 30 light and less expensive can be adopted.
    [0051] In comparative example 100, it is necessary to design the resistance of the vehicle body 14 based on the anti-collision requirements and the resistance of the battery pack 104 based on the requirements of the regulations, which means double resistance design and, therefore, design redundant. This contrasts with the modality, in which the lower frame of the vehicle body 14 is used as a restraining element for the cell stacks 40 and, therefore, the resistance design is easier without the need for such a double resistance design. For example, in the case where the same platform is shared between a plurality of different vehicle models, it is enough to design the mounting structure of the 40 cell stacks on a platform-to-platform base, which also makes the design easier. In addition, as the mounting positions of the cell piles 40 are fixed for each platform, the number of types of peripheral parts can be reduced.
    [0052] In comparative example 100, you cannot mount the control
    Petition 870180044545, of 05/25/2018, p. 10/26
    22/25 next to a heavy and large battery 104 in the vehicle body 106 passing the battery pack 104 through a door opening 106B of the vehicle body 106. Thus, another problem is the low efficiency of the assembly works due to the need to mount the battery pack 104 on the vehicle body 106 from the bottom side, as shown in figure 8. In the embodiment, on the contrary, the cell stacks 40 can be mounted on the bottom of the vehicle body 14 from the upper side, as shown in figure 6, which can increase the efficiency of the assembly work.
    [0053] In the embodiment, the cell stacks 40 located between the left and right rockers 18L, 18R and the central tunnel 24 include the individual cells 42 which are stacked towards the matrix of the left and right rockers 18L, 18R and the central tunnel 24. Thus, when the cell stack 40 expands in the stacking direction of the individual cells 42, this expansion can be restricted by the rocker arm 18 and the central tunnel 24 located on both sides of the cell stack 40 in the stacking direction.
    [0054] In the modality, the cell stacks 40 are arranged between the left and right rockers 18L, 18R and the central tunnel 24, and the intermediate cross elements 26 that extend in the direction of the vehicle width are suspended through the left and right rockers right 18L, 18R and the central tunnel 24. Thus, damage to cell stacks 40 in the event of a side collision of the vehicle 12 can be reduced or prevented by the intermediate cross elements 26. In addition, in the event of a side collision of the vehicle 12 , the collision load can be transmitted through the intermediate transverse element 26 to the central tunnel 24, so that the collision load can be absorbed by the deformation of the central tunnel 24.
    [0055] In the modality, the case in which the present invention is applied to vehicle 12 which is an electric vehicle of the sedan type has been described.
    Petition 870180044545, of 05/25/2018, p. 10/279
    23/25
    Without limiting itself to this example, the present invention is also applicable to a vehicle other than a sedan-type vehicle or a hybrid electric vehicle, etc. For example, figure 10 shows a part of a vehicle body 70 of a hybrid electric vehicle. The battery mounting structure according to the present invention is also applicable to the vehicle body 70. Specifically, in the vehicle body 70, also, a plurality of cell stacks (not shown in figure 10) can be mounted directly between the left and right rockers 72L, 72R and a central tunnel 74 (see regions A1 to A6 delimited by dashed lines of two points in figure 10), and these cell stacks can be restricted by the left and right rockers 72L, 72R and the tunnel center 74. As a result, a small, light and less expensive hybrid electric vehicle can be realized. In figure 10, the reference sign 78 indicates a floor and the reference signs 80 indicate the transverse elements.
    [0056] In the modality, the case has been described in which the left and right rockers 18L, 18R and the central tunnel 24 constitute the frame elements of the vehicle body according to the present invention. Without limiting itself to this example, the present invention is also applicable to a vehicle that does not include the central tunnel 24. In this case, for example, a plurality of cell stacks are retained in a vehicle body by being between the left and right rockers. straight. Alternatively, the left and right side elements that are arranged side by side in the direction of the vehicle width can constitute the frame elements of the vehicle body according to the present invention, or a plurality of cross elements arranged in the front - rear direction of the vehicle. vehicle may constitute the frame elements of the vehicle body according to the present invention.
    [0057] In the modality, the front transverse element 20 and he
    Petition 870180044545, of 05/25/2018, p. 10/28
    24/25 rear cross section 22 are suspended, respectively, through the front ends and the rear ends of the left and right rockers 18L, 18R. However, the present invention is not limited to this example, and the front cross member 20 and the rear cross member 22 can be omitted. In this case, for example, a front end and a rear end of a floor space (battery housing compartment) formed between the floor 28 and the bottom plate 30 are closed with plate-like closing elements.
    [0058] In the modality, the intermediate cross members 26 (cross members) are suspended through the left and right rockers 18L, 18R and the central tunnel 24. However, the present invention is not limited to this example, and the intermediate cross members 26 can be omitted. In a vehicle that does not include a central tunnel, the cross elements can be suspended between the left and right rockers.
    [0059] In the modality, the cell stacks 40 are covered on both sides towards the height of the vehicle by the floor 28 that forms the floor surface of the vehicle cabin 16 and by the bottom plate 30 that forms the lower body surface of the vehicle 14. However, the present invention is not limited to this example. For example, another plate-like element can be interposed between the cell stacks 40 and the floor 28 or between the cell stacks 40 and the bottom plate 30.
    [0060] In the modality, the individual cells 42 are stacked towards the matrix of the left and right rockers 18L, 18R and the central tunnel 24 (frame elements of the vehicle body). However, the present invention is not limited to this example. The direction of the array of the vehicle body frame elements (the direction in which the vehicle body frame elements face one
    Petition 870180044545, of 05/25/2018, p. 10/29
    25/25 to the other) and the stacking direction of the individual cells may be different from each other. In this case too, it is preferable that the direction of the matrix of the frame elements of the vehicle body and the direction of expansion of the cell stack coincide with each other. [0061] In the modality, the cell stacks 40 are restricted between the left and right rockers 18L, 18R and the central tunnel 24 without the use of restriction elements provided exclusively for the purpose of restriction. However, the present invention is not limited to this example. That is, the cell stacks can be retained in the vehicle body by means of restraint elements provided exclusively for restraint purposes (supports, fasteners, etc.). In this case, for example, the cell stacks can be attached to the left and right rockers and the central tunnel, or they can be attached to the bottom plate, by means of these restraining elements.
    [0062] In addition, the present invention can be implemented with several changes made within the scope of the essence of the invention. It should be understood that the scope of the law of the present invention is not limited to the above modality.
    权利要求:
    Claims (8)
    [1]
    1. Battery mounting structure (10) for a vehicle (12), the battery mounting structure (10) characterized by the fact that it comprises:
    a plurality of vehicle body frame elements (18L, 18R, 24) which are arranged in a direction of the vehicle vehicle width (12) and form part of a lower frame of a vehicle body; and a plurality of cell stacks (40) that each include a plurality of individual cells (42), each of the cell stacks (40) being configured to be retained in the vehicle body being fitted between the frame elements of the body of the vehicle. vehicle directly or through another element.
    [2]
    2. Battery mounting structure (10) for a vehicle (12), the battery mounting structure (10) characterized by the fact that it comprises:
    a plurality of vehicle body frame elements (18L, 18R, 24) which are arranged in a direction of the vehicle vehicle width (12) and form part of a lower frame of a vehicle body; and a plurality of cell stacks (40) that each include a plurality of individual cells (42), each cell stack (40) being retained between the frame elements of the vehicle body without the use of restraining elements that restrict the cell stacks (40) in the frame elements of the vehicle body (18L, 18R, 24).
    [3]
    3. Battery mounting structure (10) for a vehicle (12), the battery mounting structure (10) characterized by the fact that it comprises:
    a plurality of frame elements of the vehicle body Petition 870180044545, of 05/25/2018, p. 10/31
    2/3 culo (18L, 18R, 24) which are arranged in a direction of the vehicle's vehicle width (12) and are part of a lower frame of a vehicle body; and a plurality of cell stacks (40) that each include a plurality of individual cells (42), each of the cell stacks (40) being assembled between the frame elements of the vehicle body in an exposed state in a space between the frame elements of the vehicle body.
    [4]
    Battery assembly structure (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the individual cells (42) are stacked in the direction of the matrix of the frame elements of the vehicle body.
    [5]
    Battery mounting structure (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by the fact that the frame elements of the vehicle body include:
    a pair of rockers (18L, 18R) that is placed at an equal distance from the center of a width of the vehicle and extends in the front - rear direction of the vehicle;
    a floor (28) that is arranged on an upper side of the rockers (18L, 18R) in a direction of height of the vehicle and extends in the direction of the width of the vehicle, the floor (28) being a floor surface of a cabin of the vehicle; and a bottom plate (30) that is arranged on a lower side of the rockers (18L, 18R) towards the height of the vehicle and extends towards the width of the vehicle, the bottom plate (30) being a lower surface of the body of the vehicle, and in which the cell stacks (40) are covered by the rockers (18L, 18R), the floor (28) and the bottom plate (30) on both sides in the vehicle's height direction and both sides towards the width of the vehicle.
    Petition 870180044545, of 05/25/2018, p. 10/32
    3/3
    [6]
    Battery mounting structure (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it further comprises cross-sectional elements (20, 22, 26) that extend in the direction of the vehicle width.
    wherein the vehicle body frame elements (18L, 18R, 24) extend in the front-rear direction of the vehicle, and the cross elements (22, 20, 26) are arranged between the vehicle body frame elements ( 18L, 18R, 24) and both ends of the cross members (22, 20, 26) are connected to the frame elements of the vehicle body (18L, 18R, 24).
    [7]
    7. Battery mounting structure (10) according to claim 6, characterized by the fact that the frame elements of the vehicle body (18L, 18R, 24) are:
    a pair of rockers (18L, 18R) that is placed at an equal distance from the center of a vehicle width (12) and extends in the front - rear direction of the vehicle; and a central tunnel (24) that passes through the center, the central tunnel (24) is placed between the rockers (18L, 18R) and extends in the front - rear direction of the vehicle.
    [8]
    8. Battery assembly structure (10) according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the other element is a plate-shaped spacer.
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    法律状态:
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    JP2017108535A|JP2018202946A|2017-05-31|2017-05-31|Battery loading structure|
    JP2017-108535|2017-05-31|
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